Current UN reference: Revision 24 (2025)
The UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods: Model Regulations, often called the Orange Book, provide a common framework for developing dangerous goods transport rules. They are addressed principally to governments and international organisations.
As checked on 12 October 2026, UNECE lists Revision 24 (2025) as the latest published edition. Its two volumes include amendments adopted in December 2024. Publication does not make every new provision immediately applicable to every shipment.
What do the Model Regulations cover?
The framework covers classification, the dangerous goods list, special provisions, packaging and portable tank requirements, marking, labels, placards and documentation. It also includes provisions on training, security and transport operations.
Revision 24 updates several technical areas, including battery entries, liquid organic hydrogen carriers and equipment for portable tanks. For a particular product, consult the detailed entry and its associated provisions rather than relying on a general summary.
Apply the rules for the actual transport mode
The Model Regulations support harmonisation, while each mode has its own framework: ADR for road, RID for rail, the IMDG Code for packaged dangerous goods by sea, and the ICAO Technical Instructions for air.
Check the edition legally applicable on the transport date, any transitional provisions, national requirements and relevant variations or restrictions. A provision in Revision 24 should not be used as a substitute for the applicable modal text. This is particularly important when a consignment changes transport mode.
How does GHS differ?
The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), Revision 11 (2025), addresses chemical hazard classification and communication through labels and safety data sheets. It is a separate UN publication.
GHS information can inform a transport assessment, but a chemical hazard label or safety data sheet alone does not settle the transport classification, packaging instructions or documentation requirements.
Testing evidence and a practical review
The UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, Revision 8 (2023) with Amendment 1 (2025), provides testing methods and criteria supporting dangerous goods and certain GHS classifications. Verify which tests and editions the applicable transport rules require.
For a shipment review, assemble product composition, physical properties, classification evidence, relevant test reports, quantities, packaging details, route and transport modes. Record the reasoning and resolve missing information before dispatch. DGSA advice can help connect this evidence with the requirements applying to your operation.